Which type of contact includes a direct clash between patrols?

The correct answer is "Meeting engagement." This type of contact occurs when opposing forces, typically patrols, come into direct contact with one another unexpectedly and engage in a confrontation. In a meeting engagement, both sides are generally maneuvering when they encounter each other, which can lead to immediate tactical decisions and engagements on both sides.

The essence of this type of contact is that it involves simultaneous engagement, where both patrols are actively trying to gain an advantage, this can occur when they are near enemy territory or during reconnaissance operations where they are both likely scouting for information or tactical positions.

Observation refers to a contact type where forces merely watch or gather information about the enemy without engaging directly. An ambush involves a surprise attack from a concealed position, where one side typically uses stealth and elements of surprise to initiate combat when the enemy is unprepared. A withdrawal is a tactical movement away from the enemy, usually to avoid combat or regroup, rather than engaging directly. In contrast, a meeting engagement specifically encapsulates the notion of an direct clash between deployed patrols, making it the correct choice.